Aryan Metaphysics And Its Transvaluation

By Arimaspi 

Everyone possesses an interest in our ancestors’ metaphysical beliefs but most fixate solely on two subjects; 1) the soul and 2) final destination in the afterlife, since this is how the subject is viewed through the Christian lens. It is important to remember that these are not the purpose of our spiritual journey or the culminating end point of existence as it is in Christianity. Abrahamic religions introduced the concept of linear time with a start, middle, and definitive finality while the beliefs which sprang from our people, being folk religions rooted in nature, understood that our existence is comprised within nature and as such manifests itself in a cycle as do all things in nature. Thus one should visualize our existential journey as a circle, not a line, this principle should be helpful when trying to understand our metaphysical beliefs.  

Surveying all Aryan branches and broadly speaking you typically have a name which designates the entirety of the otherworld (Greek Hades, Norse Hel, Slavic Nav, Celtic Tech Duinn) where the God of the Dead and Underworld resides (Hades, Hel, Veles, Donn). Then within that otherworld there are various realms which exist, the amount of them vary depending on which branch we are discussing.

This all-encompassing abode is where the vast majority of deceased will reside and existence within it is rather similar to life, sometimes less vibrant and colorful (Norse Hel, Greek Hades) while in other branches it is wheat fields and eternally spring (Slavic Irij/Viraj). Then you have an abode for heroes, sometimes its inhabitants are solely warriors (Norse Valholl, Vedic Svarga) or in other cases it includes heroes who have achieved glory in other disciplines as well (Greek Elysium, Celtic Mag Mell).

Frequently we also find an island paradise (Greek Fortunate Isles, Celtic Tir Na Nog, Slavic Buyan)^[1][2][3] where some of the Immortals may themselves dwell and/or heroes who have attained the most exceptional glory. It is a genuine paradise with descriptions of possessing such things as eternal springtime, joy, youth, beauty, health with blossoming flowers and flowing honey while residents may engage in activates such as poetry, music, and athletics. Particularly interesting is that these realms also seem to be a type of storehouse for all the seeds of life: plants, animals, everything, in addition to serving as a transitionary abode for a component of people’s souls waiting to be reincarnated. (More on this below)

Something implied above which I will briefly mention is the belief that the otherworld lay beyond a body of water be it a river or ocean. This will be familiar to virtually everyone whether it be from the coins placed on the eyes or in the mouth for the ferryman Charon in the Greek and Roman branches or the ship burials attested to by a plethora of evidence in literature and archeology within Norse culture. This aspect seems to be among the most archaic elements in Aryan beliefs concerning the afterlife but is too much to expound upon in this essay.

Often times when reading about this subject beliefs from later eras get conflated with earlier ones as is the case with Tartarus and Plato who introduced the Proto-Christian idea of punishment. Initially Tartarus was a place where some of the Titans along with creatures like the Cyclopes and Hecatonchires were banished. Plato turned it into a final judgement concept and the notion of ‘saving’ ones soul was something done by later Greek mystery cults building on the teachings of Plato and Pythagoras. Likewise Hel in the Norse is not comparable to Christian Hell since punishment in the afterlife with the overarching ethos being a dualistic dichotomy of reward or punishment is not a concept native to Aryan religiosity. We should bear in mind that our Aryan cultures, absent corrupting influences, were shame based rather than guilt based. This is why glory and achieving fame through heroic deeds was the axiom of our people, their culture, their lives, and their metaphysics. The distinction between this and sin will be elaborated upon as we progress.

Two significant factors to remember; 1) Our ancestors believed in reincarnation 2) Constant anxiety and worrying over death or the afterlife was not the focus of their life—life itself was.

Description of Hades from Homeric (Aryan) era Greece:

 “Overall, the Greek dead were considered to be irritable and unpleasant, but not dangerous or malevolent. They grew angry if they felt a hostile presence near their graves and [drink offerings] were given in order to appease them so as not to anger the dead.^[4] Mostly, blood offerings were given, because they needed the essence of life to become communicative and conscious again.^[5] This is shown in Homer’s [Odyssey], where [Odysseus] had to give blood in order for the souls to interact with him.

While in the underworld, the dead passed the time through simple pastimes such as playing games^[6], as shown from objects found in tombs such as dice and game-boards. Grave gifts such as clothing, jewelry, and food were left by the living for use in the underworld as well, since many viewed these gifts to carry over into the underworld.^[7] There was not a general consensus as to whether the dead were able to consume food or not. Homer depicted the dead as unable to eat or drink unless they had been summoned; however, some reliefs portray the underworld as having many elaborate feasts.^[8]

While not completely clear, it is implied that the dead could still have sexual intimacy with another, although no children were produced. The Greeks also showed belief in the possibility of marriage in the underworld, which in a sense describes the Greek underworld having no difference than from their current life.” ^[9]

Racial Collectivism versus Individualism

The central purpose of a folk religion is the survival and regeneration of your people, not the salvation of your individual soul as your soul is not in need of saving. Folk religions could be classified as a cult of ancestors, life, and fertility representing the past lives which made your existence possible, celebration of the present world we reside in, and future life necessary for our continued existence as a form of immortality. Aryan belief surrounding ancestral spirits and reincarnation reflect the biologically collectivist nature of this world and the metaphysical one which manifest themselves together in a cycle. Break that connection and you break the cycle which could lead to the extinguishment of your people, something that everybody reading this today should be able to see as a real possibility in the not so distant future if a new path is not forged for our race.

In Aryan belief there is a concept of Ancestral Spirits, a collective of ones kin that came before you, absent which you would not exist, that is venerated, ever-present, and the foundation of a family’s spiritual customs. In the Vedic branch these are called Pitrs, Roman Lares and Manes, Greek Anemoi, Slavic Dziady, and while I am unfamiliar with the equivalent term in Celtic and Baltic there are holidays, customs, and sacrifices which also exist for their Ancestral Spirits.

The Norse perform álfablót and dísablót for this purpose. Alfr being the Old Norse term for Elf with similar cognates in other Germanic languages such as Ælfræd (Alfred) “Elf-counsel” and Ælfric (Eldridge) “Elf-ruler” in Anglo Saxon Old English.^[10] Thus álfablót means Elven Sacrifice or Sacrifice for The Elves while in Norse literature the term elf/elves is at times (though not always) used as a synonym for ancestor(s). A comparable tradition in Celtic is Samhain, the basis for Halloween, while the modern equivalent of Halloween in Slavic and Baltic countries rooted in strikingly similar traditions to Samhain is called Dziady which as previously mentioned is also the term for ancestral spirits. These holidays for venerating our ancestors take place at the end of harvest season when the life of the crops has been slain with scythes in order to sustain us through the winter.

• Another disciple said to him, “Lord, first let me go and bury my father.” But Jesus told him, “Follow me, and let the dead bury their own dead.” – Mathew 8:21-22

The Soul Complex aka Metaphysical Parts of a Person

The soul is not one unified entity in the Aryan belief system. The metaphysical components of a person are comprised of several parts often existing in a tri-partite configuration. Breath is a foundational principle representing life and is often featured in creation myths. The words for breath, spirit, and wind in Aryan languages are often cognates derived from the same root word. This is the case for Sanskrit Asu, Greek Thumos, and Slavic Dukh. 

A guardian spirit and supernatural double of a person associated with their fate who accompanies them throughout their life is personified by the Greek Eudaemon, Roman Genius, or Irish Fetch is a shared concept that can also manifest in the form of an animal as with the Norse Fylgja or Slavic Yazno. Family heralds typically contain an animal which is a remnant of this belief being carried on into later eras with a particular fylgja often times being associated with members of the same family or clan.

Each person also possesses a spiritual essence, energy, or life force as with the Vedic Prana, Greek Thumos, Nordic Megin, and Slavic Sila. The Gods and Goddesses also possess this life force and whether it be an Immortal or ancestor this energy can be shared with another in various ways with prayer and offerings or naming customs being two common modes for transmission. 

Lastly but very important to emphasize is a part which exists inside each person that can be conceptualized as a combination of fate and genetics that gets past down from ones ancestors, the part most directly attributable to reincarnation. The Nordic Hamingja and Slavic Dolya are the versions I am most familiar with but the Ancestral Spirits, Goddesses of Fate, conceptions of fate, and reincarnation all congeal into each other to construct a similar worldview on all Aryan branches.

The Soul Complex, Genetics, and Reincarnation

Our ancestors may not have understood genetics in exactly the manner we do today knowing that the structure of a DNA molecule manifests as a double helix although it is interesting how they possessed symbols portraying the same structure such as the staff carried by Greek Caduceus and used as a modern symbol of logistics, also found clasped within the hands of Hermes, Iris, and Mercury who all aptly served as messengers of the Gods and intentionally or not portray this sacred relationship between divinity and the biological.

They knew the biological components of fertility with the womb, egg, phallus, semen, and sex being represented in the words used, stories devised, and traditions practiced in their spirituality. Animal husbandry shows that our ancestors understood very well, better than many people today, that physical and behavioural traits were passed down from parents to progeny. The importance of pedigree in order to have desirable traits be transmitted to their offspring and descendants were incorporated into their own breeding habits.

Today we think of this solely in terms of biological materialism but our ancestors married the metaphysical with the biological so components of their soul complex like the hamingja were a connective tissue of transference between the two planes throughout the existential cycle. The same way each gene residing within in your body has existed before in one of your ancestors with you personifying the sum of their parts is also true for the non-material aspects of yourself. 

Threads of fate whether they be failures or accomplishments, shame or glory, and the reputation your ancestors earned from them are spun together in a web and passed down to you. This conception which blends genetics, fate, and facets of the soul together are represented in the Anglo Saxon term Wyrd, Slavic Dolya, and Nordic Hamingja. In Slavic languages the word for this term and concepts comprised within it like Dolya (доля) and Chast (часть) also possess the meaning of ‘share, portion, divide, piece, section, percentage’ denoting their inherited and shared nature.

Naming customs are evidence of these beliefs. Giving your child the name of an ancestor, often times the grandfather or great grandfather, or of a particularly renowned ancestor was to imbue the child with their spiritual energy (Megin, Sila, Prana) believing this child would be said ancestor reincarnated. Before Christianity and the introduction of last names people were sometimes given several first names to help bolster their spiritual essence and even after the introduction of last names these were often born out of a patronymic. O’Conner, Eriksson, Antonovych, Morkevicius are examples from Celtic, Nordic, Slavic, and Baltic languages where a suffix meaning “son of” is added to the name with this practice existing in all Aryan branches.

Now that we’ve been sufficiently immersed in the spiritual worldview of our ancestors—having elucidated on their racially collectivist mindset which represents the symbiotic cycle of their existence—an analysis of what these concepts were transformed into with the development of Christianity will highlight the stark contrast of its antithetical belief system and its incompatibility with our own nature.

The Dark Arts of Spiritual Subversion

Stepping away from the woven kinship of Aryan spirituality let us first try to imagine being reborn and confronted with the cruel Lovecraftian terror-scape the Jews constructed through Christianity and the existential horror inflicted upon the Children of the Sun with false teachings of metaphysical atomization. The painful severing of the spiritual umbilical cord which nourished our physical bodies and enabled it to bask in the synergetic energy of our ancestors. We live in the product of this laceration and most of our people are still swimming in the vastness of the divine cosmos holding onto nothing more than their own embrace as they try to console the severed individual remnant of the formerly gargantuan body that makes up our racial collective which has been erased in their minds.    

For more than two millennia psychological and spiritual warfare has been waged upon a battlefield that has remained invisible to the multitude of our people who are unfamiliar with visualizing language as a weapon. Not ones made of steel, for the enemy is not brave, but instead the words they excrete serve as toxic ingredients for a bubbling cauldron to brew a malignant ideology that will function as a disease once it has been sufficiently dispersed throughout the target population, in this case ours. The self-appointed Chosen People have been posing as metaphysicians adorned with divine wisdom but upon examination they are revealed to be nothing more than plagiarists, distorters, and parasitic subversives performing the same Jewish tricks through the ages. We are going to analyze a favorite strategy they employ to bring about these inversions, or transvaluations, as the late great Aryan sage Friedrich Nietzsche described it. This strategy of conflation, detachment, and denial can be easily demonstrated in modernity with the familiar example of the term gender.

“The Jews, that priestly people who in the end were only able to achieve satisfaction from their enemies and conquerors through a radical transvaluation of their values, hence through an act of the most spiritual revenge. Yet the method was only appropriate to a nation of priests, to a nation of the most jealously nursed priestly revengefulness.

 It was the jews who, in opposition to the aristocratic equation (good = aristocratic = beautiful = happy = loved by the gods) dared with a terrifying logic to invert it, and held on to it by the teeth of the most abysmal hatred (the hatred of weakness) this contrary equation, namely, “the miserable are alone the good, the poor, the weak, the lowly, are alone the good ; the suffering, the needy, the sick, the ugly, are the only ones who are pious, the only ones blessed by god, for them alone is salvation”  – Friedrich Nietzsche, Genealogy of Morals, Aphorism 7

Conflation, Detachment, and Denial

A new term is introduced and conflated with the original term or concept and presented as sharing the same meaning. Once the new term is normalized and eventually used interchangeably as a synonym for the original term the second phase begins. Phase two is detaching the new term from the original while new connotations, typically antithetical to the original, are introduced. Lastly the final stage involves denial of the original term altogether in an attempt to bring about its wholesale erasure from the minds and culture of the enemy population. Transvaluation has now been completed.

The word Gender is derived from the Latin word Genus which is root for the Roman metaphysical concept of Genius described above as well as the modern word Genetics both of which possess biological connotations.^[11] From its use in the Latin language during Roman times all the way into the 20^th century gender was used to categorize words or affixes, especially nouns and pronouns, but never applied to human being themselves. The entry for gender on etymonline (which provides the etymology and history of words in addition to their usage and is thus more useful than a simple dictionary) says “The “male-or-female sex” sense is attested in English from early 15c”. So the term sex has been used to describe the biological male and biological female going back to the very beginning of the modern English language in the 1400’s. It goes on to say “gender came to be the usual English word for “sex of a human being,” in which use it was at first regarded as colloquial or humorous. Later often in feminist writing with reference to social attributes as much as biological qualities; this sense first attested 1963.”

What we see is phase one taking place in the mid-20^th century when the word gender is introduced with informal and humorous usages. It became more frequent and formally used in feminist writings then spread through academia until it had become conflated with biological sex and applied to human beings in most people’s minds. In phase two it got detached from biological sex when terminology like “gender expression” was introduced making gender subjective and applied to trivial things like wearing lipstick, painting fingernails, or donning a dress. Today we have arrived at a more dedicated form of derangement and the defilement of nature through self-mutilation with people placing plastic bags filled with saline under the skin of their chest or amputating their genitals.

Lastly, the final phase we’re living in right now, the original term of biological sex is altogether denied. “Biological sex? That’s just a social construct. The only reason boys act masculine and have a cock is because close minded and intolerant parents give them toy guns as children instead of barbie dolls. Haven’t you been to university!? Learn something you ignorant fool!” says the Jewish golem. Now that we are familiar with this strategy we’ll look at how it was used in the past to subvert religious and metaphysical beliefs. 

Christian Parasitism

The conflation began with adopting native Aryan words for the Divine (Deus, God, Lord), metaphysical concepts (genius, animus, psuche, logos) in addition to holidays such as the winter solstice and spring equinox. In 601 C.E. Pope Gregory I wrote to his missionary in England Mellitus instructing him not to stop ancient festivities but to adapt them to the rites of the Church, only changing the reason of them to a Christian one^[12] which became standard practice during the targeted Christianization of Europe. After having co-opted the terminology and holidays the second phase was undertaken of subverting the meaning and symbolism leading people to, for example, believe that our winter solstice festival commemorates the birth of Jesus. 

Trees being brought inside our home, carolling, gift giving, wreaths, mistletoes, hearth and chimney, reindeer, the Yule boar were all features of this celebration our ancestors practiced long before Christianity existed. In fact the only aspect of ‘Christmas’ I can think of which is authentic to that religion are nativity scenes and plays. A practice where European parents dress their children up in burkas and make them pretend to be Jews in the desert, how very ‘traditional’ indeed.

Body/Soul Dualism in Christianity – The Darkest of Arts

The antithesis of this outlook exists in Christianity which postulates the unhealthy teaching of body/soul dualism. This paradigm changing notion sets the stage for a belief that you are engaged in combat against yourself and of this world being in a state of warfare against the metaphysical. The biological is denigrated and reduced to little more than a temporary sinful prison for ones ‘true self’, the soul, whose purpose it is to escape this world. After they have detached these two realms from one another in the Aryan mind the denial and erasure can begin. This is why in contrast to a people’s folk religion the all-inclusive Christianity falls into the category of a world rejecting death cult.

The purpose of Christianity reduced to simplest terms is to save ones individual soul. Every Aryan Son of Thunder and Daughter of Dawn should find this notion completely foreign and repugnant on a deep instinctual level and reject a metaphysical paradigm which states their ‘soul’ is in need of saving from the moment of birth due to their biological existence being inherently sinful. This idea, this teaching, this psyop is so disgusting that only a Jew could have birthed something so ugly into the world.

• “Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man love the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the vain glory of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world.” – I John 2:15-16

• “For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God” – Romans 8:6-8

The New Testament preaches the glorification and elevation of the soul at the expense of the body which is denigrated and regarded with contempt. This created the belief that the only factor in the worth of a human being is their soul and all thoughts of biological quality and considerations towards healthy physical mating got swept into the dustbin. A person who is hunchbacked, crippled, retarded, sickly, deaf, ugly or possessing any other bodily defect can be ignored and the individual regarded as being just as valuable as anybody else so long as the value of the soul is the only basis of judgement for a person’s worth.

Nothing visible, nothing tangible, nothing biological, nothing that was bequeathed to us by our ancestors through nature should be valued. The foundation which everything we will become is built upon, which is permanent, which speaks to pedigree, and is a stark reminder of Nature’s Golden Rule of fundamental inequality, should be rejected in these axiomatic Christian teachings. David Lane’s first precept provides a sharp refutation to this semitic toxin “Any religion or teaching which denies the natural laws of the universe is false”.

Alousia is one brief example of how this Christian teaching manifested itself into the practice of bodily mortification. It is a term meaning ‘the state of being unwashed’ and was a way to avoid nudity with all its sinfulness. Baptism was seen as the only necessary washing and is reflected in a maxim of Christian wisdom espoused by Saint Jerome when he stated “He who has bathed in Christ has no need for a second bath”^[13]. This ‘odor of sanctity’, the result of bodily neglect, was considered a virtue throughout much of Christianity’s existence in Europe. 

St. Anthony did not bathe while St. Francis of Assisi believed that an unwashed body served as a stinking badge of piety.^[14] Athanasius the Bishop of Alexandria in the 4^th century declared the dangers of bathing in his second Letter to Virgins by recounting the story of Bathsheba and stating “You see how she who wanted to bathe poured out filth on such a man; for because she washed her body, she defiled another man’s soul.”^[15] Queen Isabella I of Castile bragged that she had only bathed twice in her life; once on the day of her birth the other the day of her wedding.

This shunning of personal hygiene was taught to our people by the Learned Elders of Christendom in the beginning centuries of its Roman dominance. It was very prevalent during the late medieval era and found reinvigorated popularity with many protestant sects coming out of the reformation finding its way to the New World with fanatical Christians devoted to scripture such as the Puritans. 

Secularization as Hegemony – The Fruition of a Toxin 

Contrary to what many modern Christians assert, the secularization of our societies did not result in a loss of “morality” but instead demonstrates the current hegemony of Christian values. These values have become so engrained since the enlightenment philosophers argued for their ‘rational’ basis that we no longer need the supernatural religiosity. That belief in this older form of Christianity waned among our people over the last couple centuries is simply a logical conclusion for a religion that insists its supernatural hokum must be interpreted literally, for example with Adam and Eve as the origin of “humanity”. As Friedrich Nietzsche so astutely points out “He who has let go of God, clings all the more strongly to the belief in morality”.^[16]

In spite of this decline in Christian religiosity, it is with great regret that the morals of Christianity have survived and been secularized into Occidental Liberalism. In an unfortunate and sickly comedic unfolding of history, this corrosive and most poisonous aspect of Christianity is tragically viewed today as the most valid component of the religion. Atheists, Liberals, Marxists, who all venomously reject Christianity have, in spite of themselves, accepted its values and moral paradigm. The behaviour modification which results from the internalization of these values ironically makes them the living embodiment of what they supposedly despise. 

• “But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. God chose the lowly things of this world and the despised things—and the things that are not—to nullify the things that are.” 1 Corinthians 27-28 

In the New Testament, Jesus and his band of subversive Proto-Communist Jews preach a gospel of overturning the established order, the inversion of Aryan values, and social revolution with the aim of having the unintelligent, botched, and despised usurp and rule over the superior specimens within their society. The gasoline used to stoke this flame which would eventually engulf the entire classical world and destroy what should have been our civilizational inheritance was resentment and hatred couched as ‘love’ for all.

This is why racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, ableism and whatever other buzz words they’ve concocted are sins in our modern secularized civic religion. This is why you can’t judge jews by their consistent behavioural pattern over two and a half millennia of historical sources, negros on their ‘skin color’, a woman on her physical weakness, or a mentally deranged man on the cover of sports illustrated magazine swimsuit edition by his bulge in the crotch area of his bikini bottoms since he identifies as a woman. 

All of these attributes are tangible things which can be scientifically or statistically quantified, observed, documented, or experienced through your own sensory perception. But these differences, along with reality itself, must be rejected because the true value of all people lies in an unobservable, abstract, incorporeal aspect of themselves that holds the utmost value to Yahweh and his son Jesus—their soul. They don’t belong to a biological category and neither do you, for exclusivity is a sin. Your ancestral spirits don’t exist, your group doesn’t exist, you come from nowhere and belong to no one except the global community of believers in Jesus Christ and the utopic kingdom to come in the otherworld.

Beg for forgiveness on account of your existence. For the moment you came into this world, you entered the debtors’ column of God’s bookkeeping ledger and are found owing. The shylock in the sky must be obeyed if your soul is to be saved. This foundational premise of Christianity is Jewish usurious banking practices applied to the metaphysical and the no-fat-shaming campaigns, linguistic inventions like handi-capable, and all the other ugly monstrosities we’re immersed in today are a result of Christian soul exaltation and biological denigration.  

Atavistic Illumination – The Aryan Way

Within our Holy Lands nourished by a thousand shades of green and dusted with snow as pure as our children, the spiritual beliefs born of our people are biologically collectivist. They taught us the natural and metaphysical realms are intrinsically connected and involved in a relationship dependent upon each other to exist. This relationship manifests itself as an eternally reoccurring cycle. 

In ancient Greece the bright-eyed sons and daughters of Zeus possessed the maxim kalos k’agathos, meaning beautiful therefor good. They exalted beauty and strength, intelligence and artistry, conquest and glory in striving for excellence in their pursuits. They venerated the collective spirits of ancestors who came before them and the collective of kin in their polis to which they belonged. Our people exist, our people are beautiful, our people are good. If this belief is not your starting point, you’re doing it wrong.

Hail Our Ancestors and Hail Our Folk. 

Blood and Glory. Now and Forever

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^[1] Ralston, William Sheddon (1872) Song of the Russian People, Pgs 368, 374-375

^[2] Monaghan, Patricia (2004) The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore, Pgs.358, 368

^[3] Koch, John T. (2006) Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia, pg.1671

^[4] Garland, Robert (2001). The Greek Way of Death (2nd ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press. Pgs 5-6

^[5] Long, J. Bruce (2005). “Underworld”. Encyclopedia of Religion. Macmillan Reference USA. Pg 9453

^[6] Garland pg.70

^[7] Albinus, Lars (2000). The House of Hades: Studies in Ancient Greek Eschatology. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press. pg 27

^[8] Garland pg.70

^[9] Garland pg 71

^[10] https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=elf

^[11] https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=gender

^[12] https://www.ccel.org/ccel/bede/history.v.i.xxix.html

^[13] Letters of St. Jerome 14.10 

^[14] Ashenburg, Katherine (2010) The Dirt on Clean : An Unsanitized History Pg.60

^[15] Archibald, Elizabeth (2012) Bathing, Beauty, and Christianity in the Middle Ages, Durham Univ. Institute of Advance Study pg.5

^[16] Nietzsche, Friedrich, Will to Power, Volume 1, Book 1, Aphorism 18